A Study on Implementation Pathways for Carbon Emission Reduction in Salt Marsh Ecological Restoration Areas under China’s Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals: A Case Study of the Zhaiqianwan Lagoon Wetland

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摘要

Against the backdrop of global climate change and China’s carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, salt marsh wetlands, as critical components of coastal blue carbon ecosystems, hold considerable scientific and practical significance for the synergistic transformation between ecological restoration and carbon sink functions. Nevertheless, salt marsh restoration areas in China still face prominent challenges, including insufficient baseline carbon sink data and unclear transformation pathways. Integrating field measurements, remote sensing monitoring, and literature data, this study systematically compiles key carbon pool parameters for China’s salt marsh wetlands; comparatively analyzes restoration outcomes in the Liaohe Estuary, the Yellow River Delta, saline-alkali wetlands of the Songnen Plain, inland wetlands of Poyang Lake, and coastal salt marshes of Yancheng; and, with reference to the Zhaiqianwan Lagoon Wetland, examines the limitations of restoration models and pathways for enhancing carbon sinks. The results indicate that the carbon sequestration capacity of salt marshes exhibits pronounced spatial heterogeneity, and that hydrological regulation can effectively increase soil organic carbon stocks. Benthic organisms are sensitive to post-restoration environmental changes and can therefore serve as important indicators of ecological restoration effectiveness. Socioeconomic factors are also important drivers of wetland degradation. These findings suggest that carbon sink enhancement in restoration areas depends not only on hydrological and biological processes but also on long-term monitoring and adaptive management. Although the reviewed cases differ in climatic, hydrological, and socioeconomic contexts, they collectively highlight the importance of integrating carbon sink objectives into restoration planning. To achieve synergistic improvements in ecological and economic benefits, it is necessary to systematically ascertain carbon sink baselines, optimize restoration technology systems, improve policy and market mechanisms, and concurrently conduct biodiversity monitoring. This study provides a reference for blue carbon practices in lagoon-type salt marsh wetlands.

文献引用

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